The sudden grip of chest pain, the cold sweat, the breathlessness—it can happen in an instant. Heart attacks are no longer confined to the elderly or those with known heart conditions. They’re striking younger, seemingly healthy individuals, and the numbers are climbing.
Recent studies have shown a worrying trend: more people are experiencing heart attacks, and lifestyle factors are largely to blame. Dr. Gregory Katz, a cardiologist at NYU Langone, points out that diets high in processed foods and sugary drinks are significant contributors. “Cutting back on sugary beverages is a simple yet effective step towards better heart health,” he advises.
Physical inactivity is another culprit. A study by the University of Glasgow found that brisk walking can significantly reduce the risk of heart rhythm disorders. Participants who walked briskly were nearly 50% less likely to develop atrial fibrillation compared to slower walkers.
Recognising the Signs
A heart attack doesn’t always announce itself with dramatic flair. Symptoms can be subtle and vary between individuals. Common signs include:
- Chest discomfort or pain
- Pain spreading to the arms, neck, jaw, or back
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea or lightheadedness
- Cold sweats
Women, in particular, may experience less typical symptoms like fatigue, indigestion, or anxiety. “It’s crucial not to dismiss these signs,” warns Dr. Katz. “Time is muscle. The sooner you get help, the better the outcome.”
What to Do in an Emergency
If you suspect someone is having a heart attack:
- Call emergency services immediately.
- Keep the person calm and seated.
- Loosen any tight clothing.
- If the person is conscious and not allergic, offer them an aspirin to chew slowly.
- If they become unresponsive, begin CPR if trained, or use an automated external defibrillator (AED) if available.
“Every minute counts,” emphasizes Dr. Katz. “Delaying treatment can lead to irreversible heart damage.”
Prevention Is Key
While genetics play a role, many risk factors are within our control. The American Heart Association recommends:
- Quitting smoking
- Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
- Engaging in regular physical activity
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Managing stress
- Monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol levels
“Small, consistent changes can make a big difference,” says Dr. Katz. “It’s about building habits that support heart health over the long term.”
Heart attacks are becoming more common, but they’re not inevitable. By staying informed, recognizing the signs, and making healthier lifestyle choices, we can reduce the risk and be prepared to act swiftly in an emergency.
After all, knowledge and prompt action can be the difference between life and death.
